
Who’s on First?
I was reading an article this morning entitled Rogue SaaS Is Alive and Kicking, IT Leaders and I found a few things very disturbing. The basic tenet of the article is that IT has become a bottle neck to line of business decision makers, who are, therefore, simply striking out on their own and making decisions to implement one-off solutions on their own.
I admit, my inner IT manager cringes at the long term implications of the addition of random computer applications being added across an organization without thought of data integration, security, and application interoperability. But, that isn’t really what I want to talk about.
No, the thing that really struck me was that IT is gaining a reputation for not being responsive, for being overly insular and not understanding the needs of the business. I can see how it happens… IT management often finds it easier to simply say ‘you don’t understand’ or ‘its not that simple’ and then moves on with their well planned approach to managing the technology bed of the company. You see, the day IT becomes ABOUT technology, it stops being about business, and we end up with this disconnect.
It is imperative that IT managers and departmental members keep one simple thing in mind -technology is a tool to enable business, nothing more. When running IT becomes about the tool, not the use of the tool and the satisfaction of the business users, it is time for a shake up. If IT departments don’t understand the business, and the users needs, they can’t design IT systems to serve these users and maximize the success of the business. IT best practices based on technical specs and industry standards may be well off the mark when it comes to what you want for your business, and how those systems support it.
As a business person, I try to never lose sight of what the role of IT is. It is critical that those systems provide the support my employees need to get their job done, and all IT plans should work backwards from business requirements. Any IT plan that does not have a direct tie to the business needs, or any plan that simply does not start with an assessment of the business and an understanding of the needs of the business managers and employees is doomed to long term failure.
Time to let go of the ‘its hard’ or ‘you don’t understand’ and embrace a business centric approach to IT. To have the right tools for the job, you must first know what that job is. Sounds simple, and yet, clearly, IT must continue to adjust and understand its role in the function of business. The days of servers and applications being the central hub around which business best practices are built are over.
So, go and spend some time talking to your IT team/provider today, and start evaluating if you truly have alignment between your business goals and your IT infrastructure. Otherwise, you may find yourself with business managers simply making decisions, and IT chasing around issues and cleaning up messes.
At the end of the day, IT is about ensuring users are happy and supported and that businesses are productive.
Happy Computing -
Richard Brunke
In: Uncategorized
What Do You Need to Know About Software as a Service (Saas)?
Every now and again I get questions about my companies position on SaaS, or for opinions regarding how it relates to our clients needs and how we will deliver services. I have long held that SaaS will not bring about a fundamental shift in services rendered by IT service companies, and won’t be a market dominating concept for some time.
First of all, from a services standpoint, SaaS moves software from on premise to off premise, but, it does not remove the need to administer that software and to support the users of that software. Many SaaS providers will try to capture those services by bundling them with their offering, but to be honest, that model is likely to involve a lot of off shore labor, and it is my belief that few companies will manage to deliver quality support services, and really will end up focusing on running their hosted applications and data centers. So, when folks ask how our business will be impacted by SaaS, the answer is, we will still do much of what we do today.
Beyond this, however, is the deeper question, and the more interesting side of this conversation: Is SaaS right for me?
Well, I have argued for some time, and wrote a white paper on this over two years ago, that SaaS has limited utility at this point. For very small companies with very simplistic computing needs, SaaS may provide a low cost of entry method to deliver basic applications to your employees. Very large enterprises are also seemingly fascinated with the thought of reducing hardware ownership costs and increasing flexibility by using SaaS for certain applications. However, at the end of the day, there are challenges with SaaS that limit adoption, and they are real, and significant.
And they are the same issues people were talking about when SaaS was just coming to gain visibility a few years back.
- Security
- Application Integration
- Data Migration
From a security standpoint (and more broadly a compliance standpoint), there are unresolved issues around everything from physical security of data centers to a lack of industry standards that companies can develop internal controls and security plans around. Data security is a hot button for most companies, and of course for the clients of those companies. As applications and the data they use is moved off premise and the control of physical security is lost, as is the ability to control the methods by which data is protected from a logical security standpoint, risks increase and business owners are faced with uncertainty regarding their ability to protect their intellectual property, as well as their client data.
Integration is perhaps one of the most troubling issues in my opinion. Many applications provide the most value when they integrate to other applications. When you log into your CRM, you expect it to be integrated with your Outlook Calendar. Microsoft Office software is integrated into many other applications, and many companies even have customizations that integrate with key applications to provide competitive advantage. All of these integrations become highly complex when dealing with SaaS, and expensive. When we consider that the entire purpose of our applications and data are so that we can execute our jobs effectively and efficiently, the thought of reducing our ability to integrate key applications and reduce efficiency and productivity seems pointless, and the savings associated with moving to a SaaS model may not be as robust as originally thought.
Finally comes data migration issues. This is a similar issue to application integration. If you are attempting to move to SaaS solutions for your financial applications and back office functionality (ERP) or your client and sales management software (CRM) you may find that cost and complexity of a SaaS implementation goes way up due to the complexity of migrating data. Additionally, data may be coming from data wharehouses served by multiple applications, and this adds another integration and data migration issue that is far more complex in a SaaS environment.
The pitch sounds so simple: don’t buy hardware, just pay a simple low monthly fee per user to get the applications you need delivered. It is a great idea, and it may indeed become part of the normal operating fabric of businesses in the next decade. However, there is much to be resolved before this comes true. Keep in mind also that hardware and storage manufacturers are always working to drive down costs and as those costs come down, the argument for savings by ‘renting computing space’ will be reduced.
At the end of the day, it is a balance between cost, control, and required functionality. Today, with relatively cheap storage and computing costs, coupled with unresolved issues regarding some pretty common issues around security, integration, and data migration, I’m of the mind that SaaS is not yet a viable solution for the majority of SMB’s. Perhaps if you simply recieve email and want your folks to be able to do simple spreadsheeting and simple use of word processing, then it makes sense, but even then, if these applications are delivered through the cloud, what happens when you can’t access the internet? Can any of us say we have 100% uptime with our local internet provider, or that we are confident that if there were downtime, we would be able to function and be fully productive without our key applications available? Just another thing to ponder.
Observe and educate would be my two key thoughts in regards to SaaS. There is value there, but today, there are also a lot of unanswered questions, and when it comes to our businesses and ensuring that we can run them, unanswered questions are not good.
I am optomistic that SaaS will bring value to the market as these issues are resolved, but not convinced that it will replace on premise computing in the majority of businesses any time soon.
Happy Computing!
Richard Brunke
Social Networking Services and the Workplace
For a long time, online social networking sites were considered taboo at work. IT departments blocked sites and management considered it a termination offense for employees to waste valuable company time perusing such sites, posting to them, etc.
Over the last several years, there has been a gradual change in attitudes as the reality that this is the new telephone and new water cooler combined. Employers have come to realize that these social media sites enable people to connect very efficiently, and are part of the framework of how people interact now, no different than hallway conversations or phone calls. Banning employees from all access to such sites is not only challenging (you control the computers, but what about that smart phone they have), but is also perhaps as lacking in sense as telling employees to not talk in the hallway, at the water cooler, or over the phone.
In many cases, not only social interaction happens on these sites, but actual business networking and communications is enabled. I am a user of Linked In as an example, and find it a handy place to track my ‘business cards’. All of my work contacts can live there, and I can let them know what I am doing, and what my business is doing. I find this very useful, and productive when I need a candidate for an open position, want to talk about ideas I have for my business, or just want to keep relationships healthy with my business network. Others use facebook or other such sites in much the same way.
With these realities sinking in, it has become more common to see employers not only look the other way, but encourage employees to contribute to company groups or accounts on such sites, which broadens the companies visibility as well as having positive impact on their search engine optimization (SEO).
But then came a new set of concerns; virus propagation and data security. We all know that viruses are the bane of modern computing civilization. And we know that viruses come from countless sources. But now we are learning that the developers of viruses are using the wide open lane into your computer known as the social networking site. Our favorite social networking site feels like home, we are off our guard and chatting with friends. We don’t think about the same precautions we take in opening emails. And we pay for it.
Perhaps worse are the uses our data is being put to. I’m not an activist, nor do I worry if someone knows that visit Amazon.com 10 times per week. But, when you consider the types of data we put into networking sites about ourselves, our habits, our homes, our families, our likes wants and needs… and then realize that these sites can collect this data and sell it aggregated or as individual details in some cases, it is a ‘whoa’ moment. After all, who would take all of their personal data and thoughts and simply put it on a billboard on the side of a busy freeway? Well, that is basically what tens of millions of people are doing.
So back to the original question/issue. What should you do as an employer? My opinion is that shutting down all such sites is foolish and will simply chase them to their portable devices, which are slower, but get the job done. In other words, keeping them off the PC at work just causes them to get their social networking done more slowly on your dime! It is a reality, and it is time to address it and set some parameters. Talk about the moose on the table! Set policies about such sites and their use that would be at the same level as policies around personal phone calls or social time at work. Help people set boundaries and hold them accountable for their productivity. If usage of certain sites is causing issues with internet throughput then discuss appropriate times to use such sites or sites which cause issues. Times are changing, and it is hopeless to stand against the current. Perhaps you may even find some benefits to such sites, and having employees use sites in a way that can also promote your business! Create a group on Linked In for your company and post articles and discussions! Link this to a facebook page for your business.
Heck, you may even want to set up a twitter account and tweet (though for the life of me I can’t post anything under 140 characters (I think my blog entries validate my desired level of verbosity).
Also remind employees (and yourself) that any data posted to social networking sites is likely to be public information. Also remind everyone to use ’safe computing’ practices and not randomly open links or download files if they don’t know what they are getting. The Internet is like a busy city – basically safe if you know the rules and behave responsibly, yet rife with potential dangers if you are unprepared or incautious.
Just watch young workers and teenagers and you will see a deep attachment to ‘being connected’ and using social media sites. This is the future, and they are the workers and buyers of the future. Isn’t that enough motivation to start the process of embracing rather than controlling social media sites and employee connectedness to them? After all, it is all about reaching out and being in touch and in contact. Isn’t that sort of a key component of doing business?
As always,
Happy Computing!
Richard Brunke
5 Things I’ve Been Thinking About
A lot bouncing about in the head today, and I wanted to touch briefly on a few topics that may be worthy of looking into and thinking about for all of you SMB owners/managers out there.
- Mobile enabled websites. I have heard surprisingly little talk about preparation from SMB’s to have mobile enabled web sites. Sure, Amazon has it, Ebay has it, but what about you? As more users search from a mobile device, you are going to be losing customers if they can’t display your website properly on their device of choice. I’m not going into options here, just do a web search for options… but the point is, have SMB business owners realized the criticality of mobile search and web display?
- All in one mobile devices versus specialty devices. This is a personal one for me (iPad versus Kindle) as well as a question of maximizing mobile productivity for workers. Multiple use devices do many things fairly well, making them convenient for users who want to limit the number of devices they have to haul around… but, are we losing out on productivity and the benefits of specializations. I fall into the camp of wanting my device to be really good at a few things. The important thing is to know what are your have to haves, and your nice to haves. Buy to meet the have to haves, and don’t let sexy, but unimportant bells and whistles take you off task!
- Data management. Data is being created at levels that will double itself every three years I’ve read. Amazing if you think about it. Wait, no, terrifying if you think about what it means and how we can get at that data. Traditional indexing and searching methods just won’t cut it over time. Fortunately for most of us, we don’t have to worry about worldwide data creation and storage, but we should worry about our own data proliferation and how easily we will be able to access that data and use it in the future. Have a data plan! If you don’t, or don’t know where to start, do some research and make sure that you are planning long term when thinking about database architecture and discussing data warehousing with your IT department. It just looks like a train wreck coming to me… but we have a little bit of time to correct this one.
- The costs of IT spending cut backs. What? That sentence seemed to not make sense, I know, but what I am referring to is the looming costs of hardware replacements and software upgrades that have built up due to continued putting off of IT spend due to economic fears. I know we are seeing an increase in complete failures of old servers, and maintenance costs of the same. Now is a good time to get a read out on where you are with your infrastructure – how old is it, what are the risks? Some investment now may save more dollars later, and more importantly, it may save downtime, and the one thing most companies can’t afford now is productivity loss. Just think on this – that four year old server that made IT nervous before the economy dropped out is now coming up on 6 years old. Sadly, unlike wine, IT infrastructure does not improve with age.
- What about green IT for SMB’s? There is lots of talk about green initiatives for large corporations, where green IT initiatives can convert to large dollar savings, but what about those SMB’s who simply want to do the right thing, even though they may not save those big bucks? Do a web search, and you will find surprisingly little relevant information. Despite this, there are some simple things we can all do and be thinking about to be more eco-friendly. Think about ways to reduce printing – this is a huge opportunity, as it’s not just about the paper, but about the printer, the consumables, the paper, the electricity, and the entire downstream creation and shipping process of all of these things. Find ways to reduce travel through the use of web meetings technology. There are dozens of little common sense approaches to being eco-friendly. Maybe we don’t need anyone to tell us how to save the world. We likely have many of the answers, but we have to implement them!
Well, there is my brain dump for the day. Five snippets to think about and talk about with your IT department. The world is shifting under us in so many ways, it is easy to miss things. Now I have to go and think a bit more about how some of these issues impact my business (does that website render well on a mobile device? Ugh… I don’t think so). Well, we all have things to work on!
Happy Computing!
Richard Brunke
In: Uncategorized
How Happy Are You With Your IT Support?
Like most business people, I spend time thinking about what motivates potential customers to do business with me, what are the key questions to ask, what are the key pains felt.
Marketing departments spend countless dollars on this type of research, the answer to these questions are the true Holy Grail of marketing.
Sometimes, after working almost too hard at finding the solution, you determine that the answer is far simpler than you ever imagined, and in this case, all I really had to do was be a computer user for a moment rather than a business manager.
What computing users (business owners, etc) want is to be happy with with their IT infrastructure and support. Yes, happy. But… ‘what do you mean when you say happy?’ you are surely asking. Well, ‘happy’ as in productive and supported. You just want to do you job and have your tools do what they were intended to do.
The biggest buzz-kill to a loving relationship with one’s computing environment is disruption. Wait, better yet, disruption followed by delay, topped with that feeling of desertion that goes with not knowing who to call, how to call them, or what to do at 7am when nothing is working and you are staring at a blue screen wondering what really would happen if you launched your computer out the window.
Where is this going? Well, partially I just want to let everyone know that we get it. While we may have a deep and abiding love for all things technical, you just want your computers and infrastructure to work. You want to be happy, productive and supported.
Simple enough.
What else? When bad things happen you don’t want to feel deserted. I’ve been there. I worked at a fortune 500 where the 24 hour helpdesk contact was an email address or a web form.
Truly impressive planning. I remember thinking, as I looked at my black screen and then to the piece of paper with the email contact and the web address to get at support that someone had epically failed to think things through.
I spend a bit of time writing about things I find interesting in the world of technology, things that may be of relevance. I try not to generate too much marketing noise here, but sometimes, when I look out at the broader world and think about how IT support is often offered, I recognize that computing users should have more voice, and should have the simple right to get great support. Not just great support when everything is working, but great support when something goes wrong. The job of IT is to enable productivity and ensure that computing users are indeed happy, productive and supported.
When evaluating if you are indeed happy with your IT support, or happy with your IT support costs, ask yourself a few questions:
- Do you understand how your support costs align with industry standards for a company of your type and size?
- Are your IT costs able to adjust to match variations in your business revenue?
- Do you feel confident that you have a pro-active IT plan to protect your data and extent the life of your IT infrastructure investment?
- Do you really know what you are getting for your IT investment (is there genuine transparency)?
- Do you feel that your IT provider actually works with you to understand your needs and adjusts your support to match them?
- When you have an issue do you get rapid response, and from a person with the right skills to solve your problems?
There are many more questions that could be asked, but these are great business level questions that are worthy of some thought.
At the end of the day, just remember that IT is not about hardware and software. IT is about enabling your business. When thought of that way, it makes perfect sense to think in terms of my original question – Are you happy with your IT infrastructure and support?
And that is why I say -
Happy Computing!
Richard Brunke
In: Uncategorized
Mac vs. PC – The Great Support Cost Debate
There has been a recent explosion of articles rekindling the Mac vs. PC wars, this time coming at it from the standpoint of the costs to support in the enterprise. The initial article I read pointed out some factors in favor of the Mac in the enterprise, noting that Mac’s were more stable, and easier to troubleshoot, therefore, in a nutshell, less expensive to support.
Round one: Mac.
A counter article then mentioned that you have to take into account the fact that Mac’s may cost over two times more for base models than PC’s and that cost should be included.
Round two: PC strikes back
Another article brought up that Mac’s are only less expensive if they are not forced to integrate into a PC centric network, noting that Sharepoint does not work seamlessly and Microsoft Office for Mac does not play well with PC Microsoft Office when it comes to file formats.
Round three: PC’s seem to have Mac on the ropes
Yet another article debunks statements form prior articles and I discover that an entry level Mac can indeed be had for only a small amount more than a comparable PC, and for more powerful computing options, the Mac may even be cheaper than the PC when fully loaded up with features.
Round four: Mac recovers and counters…
And then I stopped reading. Why? Well, it became obvious that a simple concept was in play here: personal preference.
Yes indeed, PC’s and Mac’s can play together, and can co-exist peacefully. At the end of the day, happy users are users who have the computing device that best suits their needs, and IT departments will need to grow beyond the single box mentality and embrace the concept of the heterogeneous network.
The days of setting a single device as the standard because that is ‘easier for IT’ really should be over. Ease of IT management is not a proper way to set computing policy. Don’t limit productivity because you are not comfortable with a certain tool! IT exists to support users and ensure that there needs are met, and having a computing device that best works for you is part of meeting your productivity needs.
It’s time to put an end to pointless Mac vs. PC battles and start talking about Mac AND PC as part of the tool kit we use to keep users happy and productive!
Happy computing!
Richard Brunke
In: Uncategorized
Microsoft Hits a Home Run with Windows 7
Trust me, the last thing I want to do is provide free advertising for anyone here, and rarely do I get wobbly legged over OS changes, but I have to admit, Windows 7 is the real deal, and Microsoft has regained my confidence. As a matter of fact, Microsoft has sold a staggering 90 million copies of Windows 7 to date, making it the fasted selling operating system in history.
What really makes this matter is that there are finally compelling reasons upgrade, and not just because you don’t like Vista. In fact, Windows 7 is giving all the XP hold-outs a great reason to upgrade also. With the prevalence of viruses (our experience is that virus activity has been up strongly, especially as measured by the tenacity of the viruses in terms of difficulty of detecting and removing), including those that seem to target XP specifically, there are certainly some compelling reasons to upgrade to a more secure OS, which Windows 7 appears to be, offering more ways to control your environment and limit exposure to many types of trojans and malware.
It sounds like the time to move on is here, and Windows 7 is giving us compelling reasons to do so. The functionality sells itself, and the interface has taken some real steps forward. Do some research and take some time thinking about how ready you may be to upgrade your OS from XP or Vista, and possibly even your hardware. Time is money, and a frustrating user experience due to slow hardware, outdated OS, or constant viruses may lead you to a decision to upgrade and make sure your users are happy with their computers again.
Happy computing!
Richard Brunke
In: Uncategorized
Windows Azure is here! Great – what the heck is it and should you care?
With little fanfare, Microsoft made its cloud computing service known as Azure generally available this week. When was the last time Microsoft released anything so quietly, and why don’t we know more about it?
I suppose the answer is fairly simple: Microsoft likely released Azure with little expectation of it being a revenue or technology game changer. Amazon Web Services, as well as many others, have been in the space successfully for some time, and Azure is not bringing anything new to the game, nor is the pricing anything game changing. So why is Microsoft playing the game? We’ll get to that in a minute. First, I would like to explore Azure and cloud computing a little more.
So, what is Azure (or more broadly, what are cloud computing services)? Cloud computing has many definitions, depending on who you ask and what their offering is. Personally, I like the following definition “Cloud computing is a general term for anything that involves delivering hosted services over the Internet. A cloud service has three distinct characteristics that differentiate it from traditional hosting. It is sold on demand, typically by the minute or the hour; it is elastic — a user can have as much or as little of a service as they want at any given time; and the service is fully managed by the provider (the consumer needs nothing but a personal computer and Internet access).” If I had to explain it to my dad, however, I’d just say “It’s sort of like renting computing power through the internet instead of owning it, with the idea being to not have to buy expensive machines so often”.
Microsoft is specifically focused on the Infrastructure as a Service part of the market at this point and their Platform is focused around storage and flow of data in and out, along with all the normal complexity in pricing we know and love from Microsoft, such as transaction pricing for:
- Each 10,000 storage transactions (that will be one cent please)
- Number of web databases
- Access control transactions
- Service bus connections
- Data transfers (differing by world region)
While I have no intent of going into that stuff, it does show that there is some complexity to deal with here, though in all fairness, there are some all inclusive bundles for fixed monthly amounts that solve for 90% of all basic needs.
So what does this all mean?
As to whether you should you care about this at all, the answer for most small businesses is “Not today, but someday.” The concept of moving all of your infrastructure offsite and ‘renting’ capacity is compelling in a strange futuristic way, but there are many things to be worked out for this to make sense from a daily computing standpoint. Security, access, application integration, compliance, and other issues lead this list. Today, these services are most heavily used by those who need short term excess space for project or transactional work, or for those who chose to move a certain aspect of their infrastructure to the cloud. In small business, cloud computing needs are most often seen as offerings to host email or another simple application, but of course, that is not what Azure is doing just yet.
At some point in the relatively near future, this base of storage and capacity will start to be the underlying infrastructure for a robust offering that will include the full breadth of Microsoft’s software offerings, and likely will even include tools for management, integration, etc. At this point IT infrastructure looks much the same as it does today, it just lives somewhere else. As things stand today, the simplistic view of this offering is really just a server replacement, when what we really care about is what the server is running. Very few people really want to think about hardware and technology, and outsourcing this. What we want is a solution, fully fleshed out, simple, and cost effective. When that is offered, we’ll start paying attention.
So back to the last of the unanswered original questions: Why did Microsoft roll this out, and why with so little fanfare? No one has told me the answers, but I suspect they fall into the following groups:
- Because cloud computing is the future and waiting to ‘get it right’ before launching is too risky
- Because Microsoft can’t afford to let Amazon and other players gain a reputation as being the big players in the hardware game if it eventually has a big impact on the software game
- Because Microsoft doesn’t like to risk being left out of any potential game changers
I expect that much will change in cloud computing over the next few years, and while the big guys quietly evolve, it will be an innovative smaller guy that will provide the leap frog advancement that charts the path to the future (and then will be bought by one of the big guys). Such is the way of the world.
Each vendor builds their version of the cloud from what they know: Microsoft has an operating systems view, Amazon has a storage and transactions view, etc. What is missing is working backwards from what consumers want! We don’t care about operating systems, or transactions. We care about delivery of applications in a compelling, usable, and cheap fashion. Once cloud computing begins to embrace that there is a reason we want all of that hardware hidden somewhere else, the innovators in that space may begin to figure out what we have been saying to them all along – make it usable, make it cost effective, and make it work the way I want to, not the way the technology dictates.
Well, let’s give it some time and just see who gets it right first!
Happy Computing,
Richard Brunke
In: Uncategorized
Office 2010: Pros and Cons
Every time Microsoft develops a new release of Windows and/or Office, the questions begin around upgrading. CIO Online recently put out a great high level summary of the Pros and Cons of Office 2010 for Business. Follow the link and take a read. In a nutshell, if you are an office users, you are likely going to want these upgrades. The increased integration with Sharepoint and simplified ability to share and edit Sharepoint content coupled with a slew of new features, including many that integrate social media sites such as LinkedIn via the Outlook Social Connector make this a really innovative and valuable release.
But don’t forget the challenges! As more and more users switch to 64 bit from 32 there may be real compatibility and integration issues, and you should speak to your IT professional about these issues and how they will impact your business. While integration and upgrade issues will drive complexity, the upgrade to 64 bit enables many things such as much larger Exel workbooks for example.
As always, the choice to upgrade will be divided between the desire to have the newest and coolest, and the need to balance productivity gains with upgrade costs. I think this particular release brings some new innovations and ideas that will begin to change the way we look at productivity suites, and bears some careful thoughts when planning your IT budget for the next year!
Happy Computing
Richard Brunke
In: Business, Technology, Uncategorized
Seven Features in Windows 7 You Probably Don’t Know About
I’m not even going to try to take credit for this one! There is a great article in CIO.com called, suitably, Seven Features in Windows 7 You Probably Don’t Know About, that gives some fantastic tips on features in Windows 7 that are incredibly useful. As a user, I like the sticky notes, but as the manager of an IT business, I hope you all learn about the Problem Steps Recorder! That is a very handy feature when you have had an issue and are struggling to explain it to your support person!
Take a look and learn a few more reasons to jump on the Windows 7 bandwagon!
Happy Computing!
Richard
In: Uncategorized




